> For the complete documentation index, see [llms.txt](https://drepchain.gitbook.io/toolkit/llms.txt). Markdown versions of documentation pages are available by appending `.md` to page URLs; this page is available as [Markdown](https://drepchain.gitbook.io/toolkit/governance-actions/images-and-media.md). # Governance Actions Understand the difference in governance action types, how to submit proposals and vote on governance actions ## What are Governance Proposals Governance actions are the basis on which the Cardano governance process is run. They are essentially proposals submitted by any ada-holder, voted on (within a set time period) and approved by at least two-thirds of the governance bodies and ratified and enacted on-chain following a set of defined rules. {% embed url="" %} Governance actions can only; * Be submitted by a proposer with at least 100,000 ada in wallet as a refundable deposit * Be voted on by active DReps, Stakepool Operators, and/or constitutional Committees, and other registered Direct voters * Be ratified by reaching/crossing the required threshold of on-chain votes from the governance bodies. (However, the type of action and state of the governance system can determine which of the governing bodies ratifies it) ## Types of Governance Actions There are only seven (7) types of governance actions defined under CIP-1694. Governance actions submitted for voting can either be ratified or expire at the end of the voting period. * Any governance action that gathers enough votes will be ratified and enacted. * Otherwise, an action submitted that fails to gather needed votes within the voting period will expire.
  1. Motion of No-confidence
A motion to create a state of no-confidence in the current constitutional committee
  1. Update committee and/or threshold and/or terms
Changes to the members of the constitutional committee and/or to its signature threshold and/or terms
  1. Update to the constitution or Guardrails script
A modification to the Constitution or Guardrails Script, recorded as on-chain hashes
  1. Hard-fork initiation
Triggers a non-backwards compatible upgrade of the network; requires a prior software upgrade
  1. Protocol Parameter changes
Any change to one or more updatable protocol parameters, excluding changes to major protocol versions ("hard forks")
  1. Treasury withdrawals
Withdrawals from the treasury
  1. Info-action
An action that has no effect on-chain, other than an on-chain record
{% hint style="info" %} Delegated Representatives (DReps) are responsible for enforcing delegate democracy under the new governance model. By design, DReps are the ONLY governance actors ALLOWED to vote on all governance action types. {% endhint %} ### Explore the Different Governance Action Charts: | [Hard-Fork Initiation](https://ucarecdn.com/6a204e89-da6e-4b48-b78b-74da8c921be8/) | | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | | [Motion of No-Confidence](https://ucarecdn.com/da478efe-111a-435f-8d7e-a11859b56ad9/) | | [Update Committee Thresholds in a State of Confidence](https://ucarecdn.com/790d6276-5921-40c1-be6d-70da51c427a7/) | | [Update Committee Thresholds in a State of No-Confidence](https://ucarecdn.com/f05a2990-d923-45b0-939a-365f0eb6b642/) | | [New Constitution, New Guardrails Script, or Removal of Guardrails Script](https://ucarecdn.com/c165e405-e5b1-438e-b89e-fdbc99b3f6f9/) | | [Treasury Withdrawal Governance Action](https://ucarecdn.com/8f70c9d9-72e3-4129-bcf5-8f7188b22f23/) | | [Info Actions: Generally](https://ucarecdn.com/524e78d4-2b11-4692-9f0c-67e984e8d464/) | | [Info Actions: Net Change Limit](https://ucarecdn.com/29d6dfcb-4899-4a1e-a41a-6e6a6b432172/) | | [Info Actions: Budgets](https://ucarecdn.com/70a0251b-abf4-4609-b470-debc2a6100b7/) | | [Protocol Parameter Updates: Network, Economic and Technical](https://ucarecdn.com/96722fe9-c3f1-418a-ab00-acc2c6d9441e/) | | [Protocol Parameter Updates: Governance](https://ucarecdn.com/1aab5226-9773-449e-bd23-13c7c64b570a/) | | [Critical Parameter Changes: Network, Economic and Technical](https://ucarecdn.com/a24c84f0-2104-430d-b88f-95a8c7ac6130/) | | [Critical Parameter Changes: DRep Deposit, stakePoolDeposit, stakeAddressDeposit, minPoolCost, and committeeMinSize](https://ucarecdn.com/c05b97e5-1d59-47b1-8e97-f43b687d0208/) | | [Critical Parameter Changes: committeeMaxTermLegth](https://ucarecdn.com/4734f279-c532-4be4-819b-20806cb47b5b/) | *** {% hint style="info" %} Would you like to share an extensive feedback? Click [here.](https://forms.gle/8hhhCfn8GhqkjGNC8) {% endhint %} {% hint style="info" %} Would you like to help maintain this toolkit by suggesting and/or contributing some content? Click [here.](https://forms.gle/yk2kqEhEUQEUG88x5) {% endhint %}